Experiment 14: Determination of an Equilibrium Constant

J&8212 &8212 Experiment 14 Determination of an proportionality Constant Objectives To study the chemical reception of Fe3+ and SCN- to produce Fe(SCN)2+ in sedimentary upshot. To measure minginesss of ions in solution using a spectrophotometer. To determine the chemical proportion constant of this reaction at a given temperature. Procedure persona 1 Calibration Curve Using Standard Solutions (Done with a group) 1. arrive at seven clean 150 mL beakers, one beaker per person. 2. Prepare solutions A-1 to A-7 in each beaker, each person preparing one solution. 3.Once all the solutions are prepared, coterie the wavelength of the spectrophotometer to 450nm. 4. concord a cuvette and fill it about half way with solution A-1, the booby test. Insert the cuvette carefully, as to not get any fingerprints on the sides, into the spectrophotometer and zero the instrument. This will be the only time the spectrophotometer needs to be zeroed. 5. Pour out solution A-1, rinse the cuvette twi ce with A-2, and record the absorbance for A-2. Do this for the subsequent solutions. 6. Plot the data, absorbance versus concentration.This will be the calibration rationalize utilize for Part 2. Part 2 Solutions to Determine the Equilibrium Constant, K 1. Obtain 5 clean 50 mL beakers and prepare solutions B-1 to B-5. 2. Follow locomote 3-5 from Part 1, using B-1 as the new blank. 3. Using the calibration curve from Part 1, determine the equilibrium concentration of Fe(SCN) 2+ from the absorbance measured for B-1 to B-5. information Tables Part 1 Solutions for Calibration Curve Solution 0. 200M Fe(NO3) 3 0. 00200M KSCN 0. 1M HNO3 Fe(SCN) 2+ Absorption A-1 25. 0 mL 0. 00 mL 75. mL 0 M 0. 000 A-2 25. 0 mL 1. 00 mL 74. 0 mL 2 x 10-5 M 0. 097 A-3 25. 0 mL 2. 00 mL 73. 0 mL 4 x 10-5 M 0. 160 A-4 25. 0 mL 4. 00 mL 71. 0 mL 8 x 10-5 M 0. 335 A-5 25. 0 mL 6. 00 mL 69. 0 mL 1. 2 x 10-4 M 0. 532 A-6 25. 0 mL 8. 00 mL 67. 0 mL 1. 6 x 10-4 M 0. 684 A-7 25. 0 mL 10. 00 mL 65. 0 mL 2. 0 x 10 -4 M 0. 843 Part 2 Solutions for the Determination of the Equilibrium Constant Solution 0. 200M Fe(NO3) 3 0. 00200M KSCN 0. 1M HNO3 Absorption Measured Fe(SCN) 2+ From Calibration Curve B-1 5. mL 1. 00 mL 5. 00 mL 0. 113 2. 67 x 10-5 M B-2 5. 0 mL 2. 00 mL 4. 00 mL 0. 260 6. 06 x 10-5 M B-3 5. 0 mL 3. 00 mL 3. 00 mL 0. 397 9. 28 x 10-5 M B-4 5. 0 mL 4. 00 mL 2. 00 mL 0. 521 1. 22 x 10-4 M B-5 5. 0 mL 5. 00 mL 1. 00 mL 0. 614 1. 44 x 10-4 M Questions 1. a. If K >>1 and so the equilibrium will lie to the right, favoring the products. At equilibrium there will be very little reactant and mostly product present. b. If K<<1 then the equilibrium will lie to the left, favoring the reactant side.At equilibrium there will be very little product formed and mostly reactant present. 2. The purpose of a blank is to ceasecel out or zero the absorbance of all the different compounds in the sample except the component whose absorbance is to be measured. In this sample the medium used wa s not water, so water would not be used as the blank, but instead the Fe(NO3) 3 and HNO3 solution is used. We do not want any KSCN to be present in the blank since we are finding the absorption of the product Fe(SCN) 2+. 3. A = ? bc = log (I0/It) = the thickness of the absorbing sample (units = centimeters) c = the concentration of the sample (units = moles/L) ? = the molar absorptivity (units = L mol-1cm-1) I0 = the intensity of the incident light It = the convey light 4. By using limiting quantities of SCN- and excess quantities of Fe3+, known amounts of Fe(SCN) 2+ are produced. The amount of Fe(SCN) 2+ that is formed is essentially equal to the head start amount of the limiting reactant. 5. By using approximately equal concentrations of the reactants, this ensures that the reaction will not go to completion. . Absorptions that read off scale can be a result of numerous factors. Cuvette sides whitethorn be disgusting slot where cuvette is inserted may be contaminated transmi ssion decreases with path length, so if the path were too long this could cause a high absorbance and may fall below the sensitivity of the machine 7. x represents the equilibrium concentration of Fe(SCN) 2+. By first finding the absorbance of the solution, the calibration curve could be used to find the concentration of Fe(SCN) 2+.