Plato †Justice Essay

1. Introduction In this offer out in is a discussion about based on philosopher and which collection of concourse Plato thinks should be ruling and why. The essay allow for start stumble with clarifying key concepts, for example what is a philosopher because it is much easier to understand the easygoing when adept understands the key terms in it, terms that ordain start throughout the essay itself.Then Platos theory will consequently be analysed in more detail and it is likewise of great imwork forceseness that hotshot similarly talks about Platos background because that is where he started to see things and that is when he started having reports as to how the country should be control or governed and who should be doing the governing. It is also very important for a individual to pay heed at what was verbalize by other people about Platos ideal order. 2. Clarification of key concepts.Bellow will be the illumination of key concepts and by that it simply means th at the key words that will be used in this essay will be specify and understood a little more wear for convenient reading. 2. 1 What is a philosopher? When unrivalled is tackling such an essay it is very important that nonpareil understands what a philosopher is and what makes one a philosopher. Well a philosopher is a psyche who al ways trying to understand life and why things are through with(p) the way they are being done and also find better ways of doing things. Philosophers seek answers to the questions of life and seek solutions.Philosophers use their intellect and also their personal amazes. Philosophers are also people that love to share light and teach others what they already know so that they can also grow. When one talks about philosophers it is mostly about people that are copious thinkers and they think about life and the things that happen around them on a daily basis. According to Benson (1992 63) during the ancient times Greek philosophers would mosttimes die the whole day thinking and for that day they would not talk to anyone, it would be just them and their thoughts.A philosopher can be anyone and from any gender, anyone who has an interest in the study of knowledge. 2. 2 Theory of Justice According to Pappas (1995 32) umpire is delimit by Polemarchus as the act of full-grown what belongs to the person and doing advanced to friends and not good by enemies. Theory of justice is all about treating people fairly and by fairly it means as they be. Rawls (2001 83) points out that justice can be defined two different ways, one commentary being that a person essential earn it for example by chastity or an individual can lack it.So harmonize to this definition it is clear that it simply means that one must be treated exactly as they deserve. This merit theory of justice, reflecting utilitarian ethics, uses merit to determine just how individual members of society will be rewarded or punished based solely upon whether ones condu ct is useful or harmful to society. The need theory of justice, which assumes that individual members of society should friend those other members who are most in need so as to redress their disadvantages. So this is all about treating people as they deserve and rewarding them as they should be or for some punishing them. 3.3 Theory of Souls Platos Theories of Soul According to Lorenz & Hendrik there were sundry(a) developments that were occurring in the sixth and fifth centuries in the way Greeks thought and stave of the soul resulted in a very complex tone that strikes one as amazingly close to conceptions of the soul that we find in quartern century philosophic theories, notably Platos. There is thus some reason to think that the philosophical theories in question are outmatch interpreted as working with, and on, the relatively non-theoretical notion of the soul that by the end of the fifth century has come to be embedded in ordinary language.In what follows our main co ncern will be to think of some of the theories in question. but we should also attend, wherever this seems appropriate and helpful, to ways in which familiarity with the ordinary notion of the soul might en adequate us better to understand why a theory or an stemma proceeds the way it does. In addition, we should note ways in which philosophical theories might seem to clarify and further articulate the ordinary notion.We cause with Plato, and with a question that is intimately tied up with the ordinary notion of the soul as it developed from the Homeric poems onwards, namely whether a persons soul does indeed survive the persons death. 3. Platos background In understanding Plato more it is very important that one also knows Platos background. Plato was natural in the year 427 BC and was born in an Aristocratic family. An Aristocratic family is one that is on the one occur impractical, reason being that they were based on a God-like willingness to place the good of the communit y before the shapers own interest (Heywood, 200728).According to Plato politics in natural and not artificial. It is also important that one states that Platos greatest influence was Socrates as he learned a lot from him. 4. How Plato views majority rule and who should rule according to Plato Heywood (2007 71) states that thinkers such as Plato as well as Aristotle had a different view to democracy and they saw it as a system that was there to rule masses at the expense of comprehension and property. Plato wanted people to be ruled by philosophers.According to Heywood (2007 76) political equality was useless and he attacked it on grounds that the people sustain neither the wisdom nor the experience to rule wisely on their behalf. So according to Plato the best people for the job of representing the people it was the philosophers. Plato believed that the philosophers were wise amend people that would apply logical thinking and also use experience too. According to Plato in his bo ok the republic Plato stated that government should be placed in the hands of the philosophers being the kings and guardians.And their rule will be that viewed as dictatorship. Plato called this Rule by the virtuous (Heywood, 200776). As it was said by Plato himself that the states troubles will never end and civilisation itself, till the world is ruled by philosophers being kings. Plato states that political power must be in the hands of kings (Plato, 2007 192). One can say that Plato came with really good points as to why knowledgeable person should be the ones drop in charge to rule and govern the world and for them to bring blessedness and justice to the world it may look like the ideal Republic.But still with all that said it is still unrealistic. And to further show that that is unrealistic, as it was said by Aristotle man by nature is a political animal and it is inevitable for all. People will always study something to say as to how they would like to see things happening and people will always want to voice out their opinions about what they do not like and how it should be done. People want to be involved in decisions that will affect them at the end of the day.Platos argument is seen as unrealistic because it is like he is asking people to just turn a blind eye in the political process and also to leave their rights and opinions in the hands of the philosophers and is so doing they will be giving in to being dictated. All one sees is that Platos ideal state will be just unfit, the similar thing that he said about a democratic state, and it is just unfit. Platos argument could be seen as valid as he states that philosophers have the capacity to nail the eternal and absolute, as it is clear to see that common men or the public have no true knowledge of humans to govern themselves (Plato, 2007 204).Nevertheless, this argument is not persuasive or realistic in contemporary politics and the modern state, for a number of reasons. Platos idea of spec ialization is also linked to justice, which he considers to be structural, as political justice is a result of a structured city, where individual justice is a result of a structured soul, and where each member of the polis has a specific craft for which he has a natural aptitude (Reeve 2009, 69). popular opinion is a skill (Wolff 2006, 68), which requires special training available to few.At the same time, philosophers must possess qualities that enable them to rule for instance, they must be able to recognize the difference between friend and foe, good and bad. Above all, philosophers must love wisdom (Nichols 1984, 254), as the rule of the wise leads to the reigning of justice, as philosophy becomes sovereign. Justice is a virtue, as is knowledge, which requires understanding. Understanding refers to justice, and thus, knowledge and goodness are one. The philosopher kings have virtue as they have knowledge, and thus, according to Plato, their rule is justified. Conclusion.